Sejarah Kota Pekanbaru

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pekanbaru

Nama Pekanbaru dahulunya dikenal dengan nama "Senapelan" yang pada saat itu dipimpin oleh seorang Kepala Suku disebut Batin. Daerah yang mulanya sebagai ladang, lambat laun menjadi perkampungan. Kemudian perkampungan Senapelan berpindah ke tempat pemukiman baru yang kemudian disebut Dusun Payung Sekaki yang terletak di tepi muara sungai Siak.

Nama Payung Sekaki tidak begitu dikenal pada masanya melainkan Senapelan. Perkembangan Senapelan berhubungan erat dengan perkembangan Kerajaan Siak Sri Indrapura. Semenjak Sultan Abdul Jalil Alamudin Syah menetap di Senapelan, beliau membangun istananya di Kampung Bukit berdekatan dengan perkampungan Senapelan. Diperkirakan istana tersebut terletak di sekitar Mesjid Raya sekarang. Sultan Abdul Jalil Alamudin Syah mempunyai inisiatif untuk membuat Pekan di Senapelan tetapi tidak berkembang. Usaha yang telah dirintis tersebut kemudian dilanjutkan oleh putranya Raja Muda Muhammad Ali di tempat baru yaitu disekitar pelabuhan sekarang.

Selanjutnya pada hari Selasa tanggal 21 Rajah 1204 H atau tanggal 23 Juni 1784 M berdasarkan musyawarah datuk-datuk empat suku (Pesisir, Lima Puluh, Tanah Datar dan Kampar), negeri Senapelan diganti namanya menjadi "Pekan Baharu" selanjutnya diperingati sebagai hari lahir Kota Pekanbaru. Mulai saat itu sebutan Senapelan sudah ditinggalkan dan mulai populer sebutan "PEKAN BAHARU", yang dalam bahasa sehari-hari disebut PEKANBARU.

Perkembangan selanjutnya tentang pemerintahan di Kota Pekanbaru selalu mengalami perubahan, antara lain sebagai berikut :

  1. SK Kerajaan Besluit van Her Inlanche Zelf Bestuur van Siak No.1 tanggal 19 Oktober 1919, Pekanbaru bagian dari Kerajaan Siak yang disebut District.
  2. Tahun 1931 Pekanbaru masuk wilayah Kampar Kiri dikepalai oleh seorang Controleur berkedudukan di Pekanbaru.
  3. Tanggal 8 Maret 1942 Pekanbaru dikepalai oleh seorang Gubernur Militer disebut Gokung, Distrik menjadi Gun dikepalai oleh Gunco.
  4. Ketetapan Gubernur Sumatera di Medan tanggal 17 Mei 1946 No.103 Pekanbaru dijadikan daerah otonom yang disebut Haminte atau Kota b.
  5. UU No.22 tahun 1948 Kabupaten Pekanbaru diganti dengan Kabupaten Kampar, Kota Pekanbaru diberi status Kota Kecil.
  6. UU No.8 tahun 1956 menyempurnakan status Kota Pekanbaru sebagai kota kecil.
  7. UU No.1 tahun 1957 status Pekanbaru menjadi Kota Praja.
  8. Kepmendagri No. Desember 52/I/44-25 tanggal 20 Januari 1959 Pekanbaru menjadi ibukota Propinsi Riau.
  9. UU No.18 tahun 1965 resmi pemakaian sebutan Kotamadya.
  10. UU No.22 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah sebutan Kotamadya berubah menjadi Kota.

Saat ini Pekanbaru merupakan ibukota propinsi riau yang sudah berkembang cukup signifikan mengimbangi kota – kota besar lainnya di sumatera.

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